Table 4.28

State Auditors: Audit of Basic Financial Statements and Single Audit

Data publication year: 2023 (showing) 2022

		Auditing of basic financial statements				Conducting the single audit
FIPS	State or other jurisdiction	State audit agency conducts audit (100%)	State audit agency is primary auditor - % of total governmental, business type, fiduciary and component unit expenditures contracted to CPA firms	CPA firm(s) conducts audit (100%)	Selection of auditor if part/all of financial audit is contracted out	State audit agency conducts audit (100%)	State audit agency conducts part/CPA firm conducts part - % conducted by CPA firm	CPA firm(s) conducts audit (100%)	Selection of auditor if part/all of single audit is contracted out
01	Alabama	✕	✓- N/A	✕	Individual departments/agencies	✕	✓- 0.4%	✕	Individual departments/agencies
02	Alaska	✕	✓- Outside audit coverage by percent of assets and percent of revenues. Governmental activities: 90% assets/74% revenues Business activities: 80% assets/36% revenues Component Units: 90% assets/92% revenues	✕	Most of the outside audited entities are governmental corporations and the university. The outside entities select their own auditors. However, there are a few that require the legislative auditor approve the outside auditor.	✕	✓- 6%	✕	State corporations select their own auditor.
04	Arizona	✕	✓- governmental (51.9%) business type activities (9.35%) blended component units fiduciary funds (80.04%) discretely presented component units (66.09%)	✕	The audited agency selects the auditor with help from the Auditor General's Office.	✕	✓- 53.13%	✕	The audited agency selects the auditor with input from the Auditor General's Office.
05	Arkansas	✕	✓- 91.69%	✕	State agency	✕	✓- 97%	✕	The individual agency receiving a private audit selects the auditor.
06	California	✓	N/A	✕		✕	✕	✓	The state auditor selects the contract auditor.
08	Colorado	✕	✓	✕	State auditor	✕	✓- 30%	✕	State auditor
09	Connecticut	✕	✓- governmental (0%), business type activities (<1%), fiduciary (0%), component units (100%)	✕		✓	✕	✕
10	Delaware	✕	✓	✕	Office of Auditor of Accounts	✕	✕	✓	Office of Auditor of Accounts
12	Florida	✕	✓- governmental (0%), business type activities (20.2%), fiduciary (1.4%), component unit (32.4%)	✕	The agencies or entities being audited.	✓	✕	✕
13	Georgia	✕	✓- Governmental Activities - CPAs audited 4% of Total Assets, 7% of Net Position/Fund Balance, and 2% of Total Revenues/Additions Business-Type Activities - CPAs audited 2% of Total Assets and 6% of Net Position/Fund Balance, and 0% of Total Revenues/Additions Aggregate Discretely Presented Component Units - CPAs audited 85% of Total Assets, 84% of Net Position/Fund Balance, and 94% of Total Revenues/Additions Governmental Fund - General Obligation Bond Fund Projects - CPAs audited 100% of Total Assets, 99% of Net Position/Fund Balance, and 100% of Total Revenues/Additions Aggregate Remaining Fund Information - CPAs audited 80% of Total Assets, 83% of Net Position/Fund Balance, and 51% of Total Revenues/Additions	✕	The entity being audited selects the CPA firm through a bid process. The cost of audits performed by CPAs are paid by the audited entity.	✕	✓- approximately 2.52% of the major program work audited by CPA firm	✕	The state entities administering the major programs select the CPA firm.
15	Hawaii	✕	✕	✓	Office of the Auditor	✕	✓- 0%	✓	Office of the Auditor
16	Idaho	✕	✓- we calculate coverage using assets and revenues: governmental (54.1% assets, 10.2% revenues) business type activities (65.3% assets, 70.8% revenues) fiduciary (99% assets, 100% revenues) component unit (100% assets, 100% revenues)	✕	The entity going out for contract.	✓	✓- Some agencies have their own Single Audit performed by CPA firms; for example, the colleges and universities. These agencies are not included in the Statewide Single Audit Report.
17	Illinois	✓	✕	✕		✕	✕	✓	Auditor general
18	Indiana	✕	✓- 2% (public employee's retirement system and component units are contracted to CPA firms)	✕	The governing body of the retirement system or component unit as applicable.	✓	✓-60%	✕	State Examiner
19	Iowa	✕	✓- Partial – my agency is the primary auditor with some parts audited by CPA firm(s) Approx 1% of governmental and approx. 67% of discretely presented component unit revenue	✕	Office of Auditor of State	✓	✕	✕
20	Kansas	✕	✕	✓	Contract Audit Committee	✕	✕	✓	Contract Audit Committee
21	Kentucky	✕	✓- governmental activities (0.37%) business type activities (14.35%) component units (98.69%)	✕	The Office of the Auditor of Public Accounts has the right of first refusal for all agencies and component units of the state. We decline some agencies/component units and allow the agency to contract with a CPA firm.	✓	✕	✕
22	Louisiana	✕	✓- governmental (0%), business type activities (5.71%), fiduciary (66.37%), aggregate discretely presented component units (11.56%) are audited by contracted CPA firms. - Note: fiduciary funds are included in the aggregate remaining funds opinion unit percentage (60.56%) in the Legislative Auditor’s opinion in the ACFR. The aggregate remaining funds opinion unit is made up primarily of fiduciary funds, but also includes non-major governmental and enterprise funds.	✕	Legislative auditor	✓		✕	N/A- Not contracted out.
23	Maine	✓	✕	✕		✓	✕	✕	N/A- Not contracted out.
24	Maryland	✕	✕	✓	State Comptroller's Office	✕	✕	✓	State Comptroller's Office
25	Massachusetts	✕	✕	✓	Office of the State Comptroller	✕	✕	✓	Office of the State Comptroller
26	Michigan	✕	✓- governmental (0.5% assets/0.5% revenues) business type (95.4% assets/92.3% revenues) fiduciary (6.9% assets/5.4% additions) component units (95.4% assets/90.6% revenues)	✕	14 component units (10 state universities and four others) and one enterprise fund select their own auditor. All other contract auditors are selected by the auditor general.	✕	✓- 32%	✕	One component unit selects their own and the auditor general selects the rest.
27	Minnesota	LA- SA-	LA- ✓- business type (23.6%), component units (99.98%) SA- Not involved in the state's financial audit.	LA- ✕ SA- ✕	LA- Each business type activity and component unit selects their own auditor. SA- ✕	LA- ✕ SA- ✕	LA- ✕ SA- ✕- 3.3%	LA- ✕ SA- ✕	LA- Minnesota Management and Budget and Minnesota. State select their auditors. SA- Minnesota State (Colleges and Universities System) selects its own auditor.
28	Mississippi	✕	✓- governmental (25% - 46%) business type (25%) fiduciary (100%) component units (100%)	✕	Proposals are submitted to the Office of the State Auditor and are selected by representatives of the office with comments by the agencies being audited and Department of Finance and Administration (comptroller) considered.	✕	✓- CPA 5% , OSA 95%	✕	The auditor is selected by the Office of the State Auditor with input from the state agencies and the Department of Finance and Administration.
29	Missouri	✕	✓- 23.2%	✕	Generally, the entity being audited selects the auditor.	✕	✓- Single audits of public universities and other component units are performed by CPA firms. The federal award expenditures of these entities are not included in the state's SEFA.	✕	The auditor is selected by the entity being audited.
30	Montana	✕	✓- Governmental 0%, Business Type 0%, Fiduciary 0%, Component Units 13%	✕		✓	✕	✕
31	Nebraska	✓	✕	✕		✓	✕	✕
32	Nevada	✕	✕	✓	Audit Subcommittee of the Legislative Commission	✕	✕	✓	Audit Subcommittee of the Legislative Commission
33	New Hampshire	✕	✓- 80%	✕	Legislative budget assistant	✕	✕	✓	Legislative budget assistant
34	New Jersey	SA- ✕ SC- ✕	SA- ✓- governmental (4%), business type (47%), fiduciary (99%), component unit (100%) SC- Not involved in the state's financial audit	SA- ✕ SC- ✕	SA- Department of the Treasury, Judiciary, individual component units.	SA- ✕ SC- ✕	SC- Not involved in state's single audit.	SA- ✓	SA- Department of the Treasury, Office of Management and Budget
35	New Mexico	✕	✓- Less than 1% of full audit engagements are performed by the OSA. All engagements not performed by the OSA are performed by Independent Public Accountants reviewed and approved by the OSA prior to public release. Financial statement audits are prepared at the department level, which are then used to compile the statewide CAFR.	✕	The State Auditor's Office administers a competitive process whereby audit firms may submit applications and proposals to perform financial audits of certain agencies. Only audit firms approved by the State Auditor's Office may contract for an audit. Agencies must follow state procurement process to obtain contract services through small purchase or sealed bid request for proposal process and contract on a yearly basis for audit services.	✕	✓- Single audits are conducted at a department level. The Office of the State Auditor has a limited staff of auditors who conduct audits of agencies. Therefore, the majority of these engagements are performed by Independent Public Accountants approved by the OSA.	✕	Single audits are performed at the department level, not statewide. The State Auditor's Office administers a competitive process whereby audit firms may submit applications and proposals to perform financial audits of certain agencies. Only audit firms approved by the State Auditor's Office may contract for an audit. Agencies must follow state procurement process to obtain contract services through small purchase bid or sealed request for proposal process and contract on a yearly basis for audit services.
36	New York	✕	✕	✓	State Comptroller's Office	✕	✕	✓	Office of the State Comptroller and Governor's Division of the Budget
37	North Carolina	✕	✓- 78% of total business type activities expenditures 8% of total fiduciary type deductions 10% of total component unit expenditures	✕	State audior selects the auditor for the NC State Lottery Fund; individual agencies or component units select their respective auditors.	✓	✕	✕
38	North Dakota	✕	✓- governmental (1.72%) business-type (32.9%) fiduciary (100%) component unit (100%)	✕	The Office of the State Auditor selects the auditor through a request for proposal process.	✕	✓- Four agencies have their federal programs audited by other auditors. These are completed as part of their contracted financial statement audits.	✕	The Office of the State Auditor contracts for these audits through a request for proposal process.
39	Ohio	✕	✓- Percentages are available in Ohio's 2022 CAFR, Independent Auditor's Report	✕	Auditor of state makes selection with input from component units and other state officials.	✓	✕	✕
40	Oklahoma	✕	✓	✕	It varies depending on statutory requirements.	✕	✓- Current year numbers are not available yet, but percentages don’t change much from year to year; this is last year’s information - major programs audited by contracted CPA firms to total audited major programs (1.98%); major program expenditures audited by contracted CPA firms to total SEFA expenditures (1.77%)	✕	It varies depending on statutory requirements.
41	Oregon	✕	✓- fiduciary (95%), component unit (100%)	✕	via RFP process.	✓	✕	✕
42	Pennsylvania	✕	✓- governmental (15%), business type (5%), fiduciary and component unit (100%)	✕	Governor's Office of the Budget (audited entity)	✕	✓- 36% major program expenditure coverage	✕	Governor's Office of the Budget
44	Rhode Island	✕	✓-governmental (1%), business type (37%), component units (100%), remaining fund information (29%)			✕	✓-Major programs within component units are audited by CPA firms doing financial statement audits		Component units procure auditors with Auditor General approval of bid specs and final selection.
45	South Carolina	LAC- ✕ SA- ✕	LAC- Our office does not have anything to do with financial audits in our state. The office of the state auditor is responsible for all financial audits, including contracting out. SA- ✓- governmental (60%), business type (80%), component units (100%)	LAC- ✕ SA- ✕	SA- Office of the State Auditor	LAC- ✕ SA- ✓	SA- ✕	SA- ✕	SA- Office of the State Auditor
46	South Dakota	✕	✓- business type (15%), discretely presented component units (61%); remaining fund information (89%)	✕	The audited entity with approval of Department of Legislative Audit	✕	✕- it depends on the year. 1% this year. One grant was audited by a CPA firm Department of Legislative Audit audits the majority of the grants.	✕	Auditor is selected by the state agency, but the auditor and the final report must be approved by the Department of Legislative Audit.
47	Tennessee	✓	✕	✕		✓	✕	✕
48	Texas	✕	✓- 21.8%	✕	The state entity receiving the audit	✕	✕	✕
49	Utah	✕	✓- governmental (0.54%) business type (10.42%) fiduciary (20.26%) component unit (52.56%)	✕	State auditor or contract officer	✕	✓- 5.53%	✕	State auditor or contract officer
50	Vermont	✕	✕	✓	State auditor	✕	✕	✓	Auditor of accounts
51	Virginia	✕	✓- We audit all of the primary government, except one business type entity that is a major fund and represents 53% of BTA total assets and deferred outflows and 48% of BTA net position. And we also do not audit one blended component unit that represents 2.9% of governmental activities assets / deferred outflows and 5.31% of govt'l activities net position. We also do not audit some component units representing 30% of assets and deferred outflows, 23% of net position, and 13% of revenues of the aggregated discretely presented component unit opinion unit	✕	Most of the outsourced component units select their own auditor; however, we do handle the bidding process for a few of these entities. We also handle the bidding process for the BTA audit that is outsourced.	✓	✕	✓
53	Washington	✕	✓- governmental (6%), business type (3%), aggregate discretely presented component units and remaining funds (54%)	✕	We have allowed agencies to select their auditor.	✓	✕	✕
54	West Virginia	PAD- ✕	PERD- ✕ PAD- ✕	PERD- PAD- ✕	PERD- The legislative auditor PAD- ✕	PERD- ✕ PAD- ✕	PERD- ✕ PAD- ✕	PERD- ✓ PAD- ✕	PERD- The legislative auditor PAD- ✕
55	Wisconsin	✕	✓- 7.2%	✕	The auditee	✓	✕	✕	✕
56	Wyoming	✕	✕	✓	Department of Audit	✕	✕	✓	Department of Audit
66	Guam	✕	✕	✓	The public auditor in conjunction with the audited agencies.	✕	✕	✓	The public auditor in conjunction with the audited agencies
72	Puerto Rico	✕	✕	✓	The CEO of each agency	✕	✕	✓	The CEO of each agency

Source:

Auditing in the States, 2023 Edition, The National Association of State Auditors, Comptrollers and Treasurers.

Key:

✓	—	Provision for responsibility.
✕	—	No provision for responsibility.
N/A	—	Did not respond.
SA	—	State Auditor.
SC	—	Legislative Auditor.
LAC	—	Legislative Auditor Council.
PERD	—	Performance Evaluation Research Division.
PAD	—	Post Audit Division.