Legislative Appropriations Process: Budget Documents and Bills
Budget document submission | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Legal source of deadline | Submission date relative to convening | Budget bill introduction | |||||||||
FIPS | State or other jurisdiction |
Constitutional | Statutory | Prior to session | Within one week | Within two weeks | Within one month | Over one month | Same time as budget document |
Another time | Not until committee review of budget |
01 | Alabama* | ✓ | ✓ | (a) | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
02 | Alaska | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | (a) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
04 | Arizona | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ |
05 | Arkansas | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ |
06 | California | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | (a) | ✕ | ✓(b) | ✕ | ✕ |
08 | Colorado | ✕ | ✓ | ✓(a) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | 76th day by rule | ✕ |
09 | Connecticut | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | (a) | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
10 | Delaware | ✕ | ✓(a) | Nov. 15 | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓(y) | ✕ |
12 | Florida* | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ |
13 | Georgia | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | (a) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
15 | Hawaii | ✕ | ✓ | 30 days | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ |
16 | Idaho | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓(a) | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ |
17 | Illinois | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓(a) | ✕ | ✓(c) | ✕ |
18 | Indiana | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ |
19 | Iowa | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | (a) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓(d) |
20 | Kansas | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ (e) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ |
21 | Kentucky | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | (a) | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
22 | Louisiana | ✕ | ✓ | (f) | (f) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | (g) | ✕ | ✕ |
23 | Maine | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | (a) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
24 | Maryland* | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓(e) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓(h) | ✕ | ✕ |
25 | Massachusetts* | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
26 | Michigan | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
27 | Minnesota | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | (a) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ |
28 | Mississippi* | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ |
29 | Missouri | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ (a) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ |
30 | Montana* | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ |
31 | Nebraska | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✓ (i) | ✕ | ✕ |
32 | Nevada | ✓ | ✕ | (a) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ |
33 | New Hampshire | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | (a) | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ |
34 | New Jersey | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ |
35 | New Mexico | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | (a) | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ |
36 | New York* | ✓ | ✕ | (a) | ✕ | ✓ (a) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓(j) | ✕ |
37 | North Carolina | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
38 | North Dakota | ✕ | ✓ | (k) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓(z) | ✕ |
39 | Ohio | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ (d)(e) | ✕ | ✓(x) | ✕ | ✕ |
40 | Oklahoma | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ |
41 | Oregon | ✕ | ✓(a) | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓(l) | ✕ | ✕ | ✓(m) |
42 | Pennsylvania | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ |
44 | Rhode Island | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ |
45 | South Carolina* | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ |
46 | South Dakota | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓(o) | ✕ | ✓(p) | ✕ |
47 | Tennessee | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓(a)(e) | ✓(a)(e) | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
48 | Texas | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | (n) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ (q) | ✕ |
49 | Utah | ✕ | ✓(t) | (a) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ |
50 | Vermont | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | (s) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ |
51 | Virginia | ✕ | ✓ | Dec. 20 | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
53 | Washington | ✓(t) | ✕ | (u) | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
54 | West Virginia | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
55 | Wisconsin | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓(v) | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
56 | Wyoming | ✕ | ✓ | 3rd Mon. in Nov. | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ |
60 | American Samoa* | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
66 | Guam* | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓(w) | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ |
69 | CNMI* ** | ✓ | ✓ | April 1 | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✓ |
72 | Puerto Rico* | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ |
78 | U.S. Virgin Islands* | ✕ | ✓ | May 30 | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✓ | ✕ |
Source:
The Council of State Governments' survey of state legislative service agencies, 2022.Key:
* | — | Information from The Council of State Governments’ 2020 survey of state legislative services agencies and 2021 review of state websites. |
✓ | — | Yes. |
✕ | — | No. |
Footnotes:
(a) | Specific time limitations: Alabama — Within first five days of session. Alaska — December 15, 4th legislative day. California — January 10. Connecticut — Not later than the first session day following the third day in February, in each odd numbered year. Colorado — Presented by November 1 to the Joint Budget Committee. Delaware — Title 29, Section 6502, of the Delaware Code gives a deadline of November 15 for submitting budget documents. Title 29, Section 6503 of the Georgia — First five days of session. Idaho — September 1 ( I.C. § 67-3502). Illinois — Third Wednesday in February. Iowa — No later than February 1. Kentucky — On or before the 15th L day with a new governor, or on or before the 10th L day if not a new governor. Maine — The Governor shall transmit the budget document to the Legislature not later than the Friday following the first Monday in January of the first regular legislative session. . . . A Governor-elect elected to a first term of office shall transmit the budget document to the Legislature not later than the Friday following the first Monday in February of the first regular legislative session (Maine Revised Statutes, Title 5, Chapter 149, Section 1666). Minnesota — By the 4th Tuesday in January each odd-numbered year. Missouri — Missouri Constitution, Article III Section 24: The governor shall, within thirty days after it convenes in each regular session, submit to the general assembly a budget for the ensuing appropriation period, containing the estimated available revenues of the state and a complete and itemized plan of proposed expenditures of the state and all its agencies. Nebraska — Governor’s budget bill is introduced and serves as a working document for the Appropriations Committee. The Governor must submit the budget proposal by January 15 of each odd-numbered year. ( Neb.Rev.Stat. sec.81-125). The statute extends this deadline to February 1 for a governor who is in his first year of office. Nevada — No later than 14 days before commencement of regular session. New Hampshire — Governor statutorily required to submit budget to legislature by February 15. New Mexico — By January 10 in an odd year, January 5 in an even year. Legislative Finance Cmte. Must submit budget no later than first week of session. New York — The legislative budget must be submitted to the governor no later than December 1. The executive budget must be submitted by the governor to the legislature by the 2nd Tuesday following the opening of session (or February 1 for the first session following a gubernatorial election). Oregon — See ORS 291. Tennessee — On or before February 1 for sitting governor. Utah — Must submit to the legislature by the calendared floor time on the first day of the annual session. |
(b) | Budget and Budget Bill are annual – to be submitted within the first 10 days of each calendar year. |
(c) | Deadlines for introducing bills in general are set by Senate president and House speaker. |
(d) | Executive budget bill is introduced and used as a working tool for committee. |
(e) | Later for first session of a new governor; Kansas-21 days; Maryland-10 days after; New Jersey-February 15; Ohio-by March 15; Tennessee- March 1. |
(f) | The governor shall submit his executive budget to the Joint Legislative Committee on the budget no later than 45 days prior to each regular session; except that in the first year of each term, the executive budget shall be submitted no later than 30 days prior to the regular session. Copies shall be made available to the entire legislature on the first day of each regular session. |
(g) | Bills appropriating monies for the general operating budget and ancillary appropriations, bills appropriating funds for the expenses of the legislature and the judiciary must be submitted to the legislature for introduction no later than 45 days prior to each regular session, except that in the first year of each term, such appropriation bills shall be submitted no later than 30 days prior to the regular session. |
(h) | Appropriations bill other than the budget bill (supplementary) may be introduced at any time. They must provide their own tax source and may not be enacted until the budget bill is enacted. |
(i) | Governor’s budget bill is introduced and serves as a working document for the Appropriations Committee. The governor must submit the budget proposal by January 15 of each odd-numbered year. (Neb.Rev.Stat. sec.81-125). The statute extends this deadline to February 1 for a governor who is in his first year of office. |
(j) | Submission of the governor’s budget bills to the legislature occurs with submission of the executive budget. |
(k) | Legislative Council’s Budget Section hears the executive budget recommendations during legislature’s December organizational session. Drafts of proposed general appropriations acts are required to be submitted seven days after adjournment of the organizational session. There is no requirement that the drafts be permitted to be introduced. |
(l) | December 1st of even-numbered year unless new governor is elected. ORS 291.218. If new governor is elected, then February 1st of odd-numbered year. ORS 291.222. |
(m) | Legislature often introduces other budget bills during legislative session that are not part of the governor’s recommended budget. |
(n) | The Legislative Budget Board is required to submit a copy of the budget of estimated appropriations to the governor and members of the legislature not later than the fifth day after session convenes. The board is required to submit a copy of the general appropriations bill not later than the seventh day after session convenes. |
(o) | is usually over a month. The budget must be delivered to the Legislature not later than the first Tuesday after the first Monday in December. |
(p) | It must be introduced no later than the 16th legislative day. |
(q) | State law does not specify a special deadline for filing the General Appropriations Act, but it is generally filed soon after the Legislative Budget Board submits the budget document. |
(r) | Legislative rules require budget bills to be introduced by the 43rd day of the session. |
(s) | Third Tuesday each year. |
(t) | And Rules. |
(u) | For fiscal period other than biennium, 20 days prior to first day of session. |
(v) | On or before the last Tuesday in January. A later submission date may be requested by the governor. |
(w) | Usually, January before end of current fiscal year. |
(x) | Bill may actually be officially introduced a few days later; it is usually not immediately introduced upon the presentation of the governor’s budget. |
(y) | The Governor is required to submit a recommended budget to the Delaware General Assembly on or before February 1 of each year. This is in the form of a bill, and this bill is introduced. It is then reviewed by the Joint Finance Committee (JFC). The Joint Finance Committee then introduces their budget bill. (Technically, the JFC could amend the Governor’s recommended budget bill, but this has not been done in the memory of the Deputy Controller General.) There is no requirement in the Delaware Code or the Delaware Constitution for a budget bill to be enacted by a certain date, though the end of the fiscal year is June 30. |
(z) | One week after Governor’s budget message. |